Software distribution

ABSTRACT

An electronic device comprising: receiving means for receiving a first packaged installation file; installation means for installing a first version of a software application using the received first packaged installation file; packaging means for creating a second packaged installation file, for installing a second version of the software application; and transfer means for transferring the second packaged installation file to a second host device. A hand-portable electronic device, for sending data to another device during a session to enable the interactive production of music by the devices as an ensemble, comprising: output means operable, during a session, to send musical synchronisation information to the other device; a user input for controlling, during a session, the content of at least one of first musical control data and musical synchronisation information; and a synthesiser for producing music in dependence upon the first musical control data and the musical synchronisation information.

TECHNICAL FIELD & BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the distribution of software applications.

It would be desirable to be able to distribute a software application by transferring it from a device in which it is installed to another device in a simple and effective manner.

It would also be desirable to allow the originator of the software application to control the distribution process.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an electronic device comprising: installation means (12) for installing a first version (5 a) of a software application using a first installation file (10 a); and transfer means (16) for transferring a second installation file associated with the first installation file to a second host device (2 a, 2 b . . . ) for installing a second version of the software application in the second host device. The second version may have reduced functionality, such as restricted use. The functionality may be predetermined by the content of first installation file. The second version of the software application installed in second host device may operate only with the first version of the software application installed in the first host device. The device may additionally comprise packaging means (12) for creating the second installation file (10 b).

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of sharing a software application comprising the steps of: installing a first version (5 a) of a software application using a first installation file (10 a); and transferring a second installation file (10 b), for installing a second version (5 b) of the software application, to a second host device (2 a, 2 b . . . ). 20.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a first installation file (10 a) comprising: means for providing an installed first version (5 a) of a software application in a first host device (1); means for enabling the first host device (1) to transfer a second installation file (10 b) to a second host device (2 a, 2 b . . . ), the second installation file including means for providing an installed second version (5 b) of the software application in the second host device (2 a, 2 b . . . ).

According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a hand-portable electronic device, for sending data to another device during a session to enable the interactive production of music by the devices as an ensemble, comprising: output means operable, during a session, to send musical synchronisation information to the other device; a user input for controlling, during a session, the content of at least one of first musical control data and musical synchronisation information; and a synthesiser for producing music in dependence upon the first musical control data and the musical synchronisation information. The output means may be operable, before a session, to transfer a software application to the other device for enabling the production of music in dependence upon second musical control data and synchronisation information.

According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of interactively producing music using an ensemble of networked hand-portable electronic devices Including a Master device and at least one Slave device, comprising the steps of: sending musical synchronisation information from the Master device to the Slave device(s); producing, at each device, musical control data in response to user input at the device; synthesising music at each device in dependence upon the musical control data produced therein and the musical synchronisation information.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the present invention reference will now be made by way of example only to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates the distribution of a software application;

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a suitable host device;

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates one possible type of packaged installation file;

FIG. 4A illustrates the installation process;

FIG. 4B illustrates the re-packaging process; and

FIG. 5, illustrates a musical host device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 illustrates one way of distributing a software application. A first host device 1 has received a first installation file 10 a. In this example, the host device 1 is a computer device and it has downloaded the first installation file 10 a from a server 4. In other embodiments, the first installation file may be provided on a portable memory, such as a memory card, that can be read by the host device.

The first installation file 10 a provides an installed first version 5 a of the software application in the first host device 1. It also enables the first host device 1 to transfer a second installation file 10 b to one or more second host devices 2 a, 2 b . . .

The second Installation file 10 b provides an installed second version 5 b of the software application in each of the second host devices 2 a, 2 b. It also enables each of the second host devices 2 a, 2 b to transfer a third installation file 10 c to one or more third host devices 3 a, 3 b, 3 c . . . . The third installation file 10 c provides an installed third version 5 c of the software application in each of the third host devices 3 a, 3 b. The distribution of the software application can continue to more host devices. Thus versions of the software can be distributed ‘virally’.

In a first embodiment, the first version 5 a is a fully functional version of the software application that has, for example, been purchased by a user of the first host device 1 and the second and third versions 5 b, 5 c are both a ‘demonstration’ version of the software application that has reduced functionality. The creator of the first packaged installation file 10 a has designed the first installation file 10 a so that it distributes a non-exact copy of itself as the second installation file 10 b. The second installation file 10 b can distribute an exact copy of itself (a non-exact copy of the first installation file 10 a) as the third installation file 10 c.

Alternatively, in a second embodiment, all the versions 5 a, 5 b, 5 c of the software application could be fully functional versions of the software application. In this case, the creator of the first packaged installation file 10 a has designed the first packaged installation file 10 a so that it distributes an exact copy of itself as the second installation file 10 b.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a suitable host device 1. It has a user input interface (UI) 11, a processor 12, a memory 13, a display 14, an input 15 for receiving data and an output 16 for transmitting data. The user input interface 11 is connected to the processor 12 and allows a user of the device 1 to control the operation of the device via the processor 12. The processor 12 is connected to the input 15 and the output 16. It is operable to receive and process data received via the input 15 and to provide data to the output 16 for transmission. The processor 12 is connected to the memory 13 and is operable to read from and write to the memory 13. The processor 12 is also operable to control the display 14. In other embodiments, the display and user input interface may be combined. The input 15 and output 16 may be a radio frequency receiver and transmitter respectively, alternatively they may be part of a single physical interface (e.g. USB port).

An installation file 10 can be received via input 15 and stored in memory 13 by the processor 12. The installation file 10 is used by the processor 12 to install a software application in the device 1. The installation file also enables the processor 12 to transfer another installation file to one or more other devices via the output 16. The first installation file 10 a may contain the second installation file 10 b. The file may contain the first full version and a separate second demo version. The second version of the software application provided by the second installation file 10 b has reduced functionality compared to the first version. In one embodiment, the use of the second version of the software application is restricted. It operates correctly only when it is in communication with the first device. The different functionality of the second version is predetermined by the content of first installation file.

Alternatively, the first installation file 10 a may contain a mechanism for creating the second installation file 10 b from the installed first version 5 a of the software application. This mechanism can be pre-programmed within the content of the first installation file 10 a such that the relationship of the versions of the software to each other is predetermined. The first and second installation files may thus be packaged installation files.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates one possible type of packaged installation file 10 containing a data portion 22; a de-packaging portion 24 and a re-packaging portion 26. The portions are not necessarily physically distinct or separately identifiable. They represent the different purposes of the content of the packaged installation file 10. The packaged installation file may be in a compressed format.

The data portion 22, in this example, includes all the information necessary to enable a software application in a device once it has been installed.

The de-packaging portion 26 contains installation information that specifies the manner in which the data portion should be installed. e.g. it may specify a predetermined data structure involving the creation of new directories, sub-directories and files.

The re-packaging portion 26 specifies how a packaged installation file is created, at a later time, from the installed version of the software application for transfer to another device.

The packaged installation files may for example, be compressed Symbian Installation File which have a MIME extension “.sis”.

The installation process using a packaged installation file is illustrated in FIG. 4A. A packaged installation file 10, for setting-up a software application, is received at the input 15 of the host device 1 at step 40. The file 10 is decompressed at step 41 by the processor 12 and temporarily stored in memory 13. The software application is then installed at step 42 by the processor 12 according to installation information read from the de-packaging portion 24. The necessary new directories, sub-directories and files are created as specified in the installation information by the processor 12. The installation information is stored as part of the packaging portion 26 and is accessible only to the installed software application.

The re-packaging portion 26 of the packaged installation file provides a user selectable option in the user input interface 11 of the installed software application for distributing a version of the software application to another host device.

The distribution process that is carried out by the processor 12 if the option is selected is illustrated in FIG. 4B. The user selects at step 50, via UI 11, the option for distributing a version of the software application from within the software application. This activates the repackaging process 51 in the processor 12, which is the reverse of the installation process. However, certain functionality may additionally be included or excluded/disabled in the repackaged file.

The processor 12 of the host device accesses 52 the installation information for the installed software application from the re-packaging portion 26, which details which files were created at installation.

The processor 12 repackages copies of the files, with modification if necessary at step 53 compresses them, at step 54, and then transfers them, at step 55, as a packaged installation file to another device. This packaged installation file 10 also has a data portion 22, a de-packaging portion 24 and a re-packaging portion 26.

Whether modification is necessary and the extent of modification is predetermined by the content of the re-packaging portion 26 of the received packaged installation file. Thus the creator of the original first packaged installation file can control the manner in which versions of the software can be distributed.

For example, the re-packaging portion 26 may specify that certain files should not be included in the repackaged installation file. This would result in the version of the software application installed in a device that receives this repackaged installation file being of reduced functionality.

Another option is to define a flag in the original repackaged installation file that indicates whether the version is an original. The repackaging portion 26 switches the flag, which because of some code within the software application itself reduces its functionality.

A further option is to include an identifier of the first host device in the second packaged installation file, so that the second version of the software in the second device will only operate when the second device is in communication with the first device.

Midi Jamming

The above described method of distributing a software application using an installation file has numerous applications.

In one application, the host device is capable of synthesising music and the synthesised musical output can be controlled interactively.

FIG. 5 illustrates one such host device 100. It is the same as the host device 1 in FIG. 2, but additionally has an audio output section 70 that may be similar to a sound card of a personal computer. It comprises a MIDI engine 72, which is connected to a MIDI synthesizer 74, which is in turn connected to a loudspeaker 76 (or other audio output such as a jack or Bluetooth transceiver for a headset). The MIDI engine 72 provides a MIDI data stream in real time (as it is played) to the MIDI synthesizer 74. The MIDI data stream may include content from a MIDI file transferred to the MIDI engine 72 by the processor 12, it may also include additional or replacement messages introduced by the MIDI engine 72 under the control of the processor 12.

The MIDI synthesizer 32 receives the MIDI messages one at a time and responds to these messages by playing sounds via the loudspeaker 34. The MIDI messages are received and processed by the MIDI synthesizer in real time.

The host device may perform solo or in an ensemble of devices which form a network. When the device performs solo, the user of the device controls any variation in the musical output from that device using the UI 11.

When the devices perform in an ensemble the musical output of the ensemble is the combination of the musical output of each device. The user of a device may control a variation in the musical output of the ensemble by controlling the musical output of their own device and the output of each of the other devices in the network. This allows interactive composition of music by multiple users who are preferably face-to-face.

The synthesised musical output can be controlled in a number of ways to provide an improvised composition.

For example, the user of the host device 100 can perform melodies, rhythms, loops etc in real-time using the terminal's UI 11 (e.g. a keypad or other MIDI controllers such as an integrated accelerometer that responds to moving the device). These may be performed with or without background music. A mobile phone with accelerometer could be shaken while a background samba track is performed with the phone creating percussion in time with the shaking. The background music can be produced by transferring a stored MIDI file to the MIDI engine 72, by the processor. The accompanying percussion is added as additional MIDI messages in the output of the MIDI engine. A plurality of phones can be networked, for example using Bluetooth, and each phone user can make a percussive contribution to the ensemble's performance with the backing track.

As another example, a background track can be varied in real time by adding effects (echo, reverberation etc), changing the musical arrangement, performing ‘live’ over the background track, removing instrumentation such as the drum beat, or removing melodies, bass line etc. These affects can be achieved by changing the MIDI messages output by the MIDI engine 72.

As another example, separate musical tracks may be mixed together interactively. This can be achieved via the MIDI engine 72.

The interactive musical control is achieved using multiple musical applications.

One type of musical application allows one or more musical effect to be created and changed in real-time e.g. echo, reverberation etc. Another type of musical application provides the voice of a particular instrument.

A musical application can be used in an Independent ‘Freestyle’ Mode, in a Slave ‘Assisted’ Mode or in a Master Mode.

A session is an ensemble of musical applications. In any session there will only be one Master Application. The session may involve one device or a plurality of networked devices.

The user may select which of the possible musical applications are active and which mode they have. Some musical applications may have a fixed mode type.

In the independent Mode the application is played much like a traditional instrument. The output depends solely on the talent of the user with the available user input interface.

In the Master Mode, the musical application is responsible for the synchronisation of the ensemble of Slave musical applications. The master provides musical synchronisation information to each Slave musical application. This information may define a tempo or a harmony (chord sequence). When a tempo is defined, the Slave applications vary their timing to match the Master application continuously. This may be achieved in the Slave by varying the output of the MIDI engine 72 using the processor 12. The time at which a note is turn on or off is easily varied. A suitable Master application would be a drum beat application. Thus the music output at a Slave is dependent upon the musical synchronisation information received from the Master.

The synchronisation information may also define important musical features or changes to these features that are shared by musical applications or devices such as the identities of the musical applications being used in the ensemble, the background track, relative volumes, musical key, time signature or the energy of the music. These may be selected by the user of the device hosting the master musical application. A limited number of options for selection may be given for example, depending upon the backing track so that the possible variations of music produced have compatible variations of melody, bass and drums etc so that user cannot go too far wrong.

If a background track is used, it may be played as a MIDI file through the Master musical application. The users of the devices would therefore follow a predetermined lead.

In the Slave Mode, a musical application is synchronised to the Master musical application and the ensemble of Slave applications, in the same or separate devices, function as a single harmonious system.

The Slave musical application may operate in an assisted playing mode. In the assisted playing mode the output of the musical application is not an exact reproduction of the music created by the user. The musical output is automatically corrected/enhanced to ensure that the music produced adheres to certain principals. This is particularly useful for devices with input devices optimised for other purposes e.g. PDA, mobile phone. Consequently, no musical knowledge or training is required to perform music using the system.

For example, the user's timing may be automatically corrected to keep tempo. Automatic correction of the timing to keep tempo may be achieved by quantising the tempo, into possible beat positions. When the user, for example, makes an input to a drum beat application that does not have exactly the correct timing, the timing is adjusted to the nearest possible beat position. As another example, correct chords are generated, corrected or completed to keep harmony.

An ensemble of musical applications in a separate terminal can be created by forming a network between the terminals. The network can be established by any suitable connection e.g. infrared, internet, USB, GPRS, Bluetooth etc.

It is preferable for each device to have a copy of each musical application used in the ensemble, so that any device can synthesise sounds created using musical applications in other devices.

The musical applications can be distributed to devices using a packaged installation file as described above.

A MIDI Jamming single is a software application. It can be sold on memory cards or downloaded to a device over the air or via the internet as a packaged installation file e.g. a ‘.sis’ file. A MIDI Jamming single when installed in a device allows the user of the device to participate is a musical session involving other devices.

A single software application consists of the following components: jamming framework software component; master musical application component; slave musical application components, a user interface component and a MIDI file component.

The jamming framework software allows a device to form a network with other devices and create an ensemble of musical applications. It also controls the creation, transmission, reception and use of synchronisation information.

The single software application may contain a pre-packaged installation file (e.g. ‘.sis’) containing the above components in a packaged form. This packaged installation file can be transferred to another device for unpacking to install the single software application.

Alternatively, the single software application may have been installed from a packaged installation file (e.g. ‘.sis’). The device can therefore recreate a modified packaged installation file from the installed components using the installation information and provide this to another device. The other device installs the modified installation file to obtain a modified single software application, which cannot initiate Jamming sessions or perform solo but can be joined to a session.

The device that supplies the modified packaged installation file may also modify the file so that it includes its identifier. The modified software application installed from this file will only operate with a device having an identifier matching the included identifier. Consequently, the modified software application only works while the device from which it was obtained is present in the session.

In another application of the above described method of distributing a software application using an installation file, a multi-user game is purchased as a first packaged installation file stored in a memory card.

In one implementation, the memory card includes a full version of the game and also a related demo version of the game. These can be loaded into the first device in parallel. The full version is resident in the device, whereas the demo version can be transferred to other devices. The demo version may be designed so that it only functions correctly only when the device it has been transferred to is in communication with a full version of the game. The demo version may be designed so that it only functions correctly when the device it has been transferred to is in communication with its related full version of the game resident in the first device.

In another implementation, the installation file has, for example, a first component that allows a host device to start the game and join other devices to the game, a second component that allows a host device to be joined to a game and a third component allows the game to be played using the host device once it has been initiated by the first or second components. In the example of FIG. 1, the first device has a fully functional version of the game in which the first, second and third components are enabled. The second packaged installation file contains the second and third components but not the third component. The second version is therefore able to participate in a game when invited to join but cannot play the game by itself or cannot initiate a game.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in the preceding paragraphs with reference to various examples, it should be appreciated that modifications to the examples given can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.

Whilst endeavouring in the foregoing specification to draw attention to those features of the invention believed to be of particular importance it should be understood that the Applicant claims protection in respect of any patentable feature or combination of features hereinbefore referred to and/or shown in the drawings whether or not particular emphasis has been placed thereon. 

1. An electronic device comprising: installation means for installing a first version of a software application using a first installation file on the electronic device, which is operable as a first host device; and transfer means for transferring a second installation file associated with the first installation file to a second host device for installing a second version of the software application in the second host device.
 2. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second version has different functionality compared with the first version.
 3. An electronic device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second version has reduced functionality.
 4. An electronic device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second version has restricted use.
 5. An electronic device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the software application involves the interaction of at least two devices and the second version of the software application installed in second host device operates only with the first version of the software application.
 6. An electronic device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second version of the software application operates only with the first version of the software application installed in the first host device.
 7. An electronic device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the different functionality is predetermined by the content of first installation file.
 8. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising receiving means for receiving the first installation file.
 9. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second installation file enables the second host devices to transfer a third installation file to a third host device for installing a second version of the software application.
 10. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second installation file is a second packaged installation file and the device further comprises packaging means for creating the second packaged installation file, for installing a second version of the software application.
 11. An electronic device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the packaging means is operable to create the second packaged installation file from the installed first version of the software application.
 12. An electronic device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the packaging means is operable to repackages copies of the files created on installing the first version of the software application, with modification.
 13. An electronic device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the modification is predetermined by the content of the first installation file.
 14. An electronic device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the modification comprises the addition of a device identifier.
 15. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, operable to access stored installation information for the installed first version of the software application.
 16. An electronic device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the installation information is accessible only from within the installed first version of the software application.
 17. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first installation file is a packaged installation file.
 18. An electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second version of the software application is the same as the first version.
 19. A method of sharing a software application comprising the steps of: installing a first version of a software application using a first installation file on a first host device; and transferring a second installation file, for installing a second version of the software application, to a second host device.
 20. A method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising the step of obtaining the second installation file from the installed first version of the software application.
 21. A method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising the step of obtaining the second installation file from the first installation file.
 22. A first installation file comprising: means for providing an installed first version of a software application in a first host device; means for enabling the first host device to transfer a second installation file to a second host device, the second installation file including means for providing an installed second version of the software application in the second host device.
 23. A hand-portable electronic device, for sending data to another device during a session to enable the interactive production of music by the devices as an ensemble, comprising: output means operable, during a session, to send musical synchronisation information to the other device; a user input for controlling, during a session, the content of at least one of first musical control data and musical synchronisation information; and a synthesiser for producing music in dependence upon the first musical control data and the musical synchronisation information.
 24. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the output means is operable, before a session, to transfer a software application to the other device for enabling the production of music in dependence upon second musical control data and synchronisation information.
 25. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the software application enables in the other device the production of music in dependence upon musical control data and synchronisation information, but does not enable the creation or adaptation of synchronisation information.
 26. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the software application enables the production of a musical output in dependence upon musical control data and synchronisation information only while in session with the device.
 27. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the musical control data is comprised of MIDI messages.
 28. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the software application is transferred as a packaged installation file.
 29. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the first musical control data includes a stored musical background track.
 30. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 29 wherein the musical synchronisation information is dependent upon the stored musical background track.
 31. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the first musical control data is dependent upon user input.
 32. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 31, further comprising means for automatically adapting the first musical control data in dependence upon the musical synchronisation information.
 33. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the musical synchronisation information is dependent upon user input.
 34. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 24, wherein the output means is operable, before a session, to transfer a software application to the other device for enabling the production of music in dependence upon second musical control data, dependent upon user input at the other device, and synchronisation information.
 35. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, further comprising input means for receiving second musical control data from the other device.
 36. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 35, wherein the synthesiser is arranged to produce music in dependence upon the first musical control data, the second musical control data and the synchronisation information.
 37. A hand-portable electronic device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the output means also sends first musical control data to the other device during the session
 38. A method of interactively producing music using an ensemble of networked hand-portable electronic devices including a Master device and at least one Slave device, comprising the steps of: sending musical synchronisation information from the Master device to the Slave device(s); producing, at each device, musical control data in response to user input at the device; synthesising music at each device in dependence upon the musical control data produced therein and the musical synchronisation information.
 39. A method as claimed in claim 38, further comprising the preliminary step of transferring a software application from a first device to a second device to enable the second device as a Slave device.
 40. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein the second device is enabled only while it is networked with the first device.
 41. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein the software application is transferred as a packaged installation file.
 42. (canceled)
 43. (canceled) 